TBL教学模式在中医基础理论课程教学中应用研究(1)
摘要：目的 探讨基于团队学习(team-based learning，TBL)教学模式在《中医基础理论》课程中的应用效果。方法 以大连医科大学中西医临床医学2013级五年制1～2班61名本科生作为研究对象，共分为15组，每组3～5名。在中医基础理论课程脏腑关系章节中采用TBL教学方法，并在学习结束后对学生进行问卷调查，了解TBL的教学效果。结果 课堂上学生积极发言，讨论热烈，个人测试及格率为98.36%，优秀率为22.95%。小组练习即时反馈测评答题卡统计分析结果显示：6道单选题中各小组至少有2道题一次性刮出星号选项，其中有5个组在各成员的配合下全部一次性刮出正确答案。结论 TBL教学能促进课前预习，活跃课堂气氛，提高学习效率，增强学生的团结协作精神。
关键词：基于团队学习；中医基础理论；教学方法
DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1005-5304.2016.01.030
中图分类号：R2-04 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1005-5304(2016)01-0114-03
Application of Teaching Model of Team-Based Learning in Course of TCM Basic Theory LIANG Li-na1， ZHAN Li-bin2，3， HU Shou-yu2， SUI Hua1 (1. Dalian Medical University， Dalian 116044， China； 2. The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University， Dalian 116021， China； 3.Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine， Nanjing 210023， China)
Abstract： Objective To investigate the effects of the teaching model of team-based learning (TBL) in the course of TCM Basic Theory. Methods Totally 61 undergraduates of Class 1-2 in Grade 2013 in Dalian Medical University are divided into 15 groups， three to five students in each group. TBL teaching model was performed in the chapter about Zang-Fu relationship in the course of TCM Basic theory. At the end of the study， the students received the questionnaire survey to know the effects of TBL teaching model. Results Students discussed intensely with lively atmosphere in the class. The pass rate of individual test was 98.36%， and the excellence rate was 22.95%. The results of immediate feedback answer sheets showed that for the 6 multiple choice questions， each group answered at least 2 questions correctly for the first time， and 5 groups answered all the questions correctly for the first time with the joint efforts of group members. Conclusion TBL teaching model could promote the preview， activate atmosphere in class， improve learning efficiency， and increase the solidarity and collaboration in students.
Key words： team-based learning； TCM basic theory； teaching methods
中医基础理论是学习中医的入门课程，是中医药类、中西医结合类专业的专业基础必修课程。中医基础理论课程的教学难点主要是中医思维方法的特殊性。本校自2011年招收中西医临床医学本科生以来，受课生的生源以理科生为主，其知识结构“理”重于“文”，习惯于形式和数理逻辑思维方式，对中医理论的辩证思维感到困惑。因此，授课时如何充分调动学生积极性、能动性，是目前的教学重点。
基于团队学习(team-based learning，TBL)教学模式是以学生为主体的一种以团队为基础的学习模式。与以问题为基础的学习(problem-based learning，PBL)模式相比，TBL更为灵活，强调团队协作精神，注重提高学生自主分析和解决问题的能力。目前，我国TBL教学已被广泛应用[1-4]，在医药院校也取得成功[5-7]，但在中医学及中西医结合领域尚未开展。为此，笔者将TBL教学模式引进中医基础理论课程的脏腑关系章节中，初步取得较好的效果。现总结如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 教学对象, 百拇医药(梁丽娜 战丽彬 胡守玉 隋华)
关键词：基于团队学习；中医基础理论；教学方法
DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1005-5304.2016.01.030
中图分类号：R2-04 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1005-5304(2016)01-0114-03
Application of Teaching Model of Team-Based Learning in Course of TCM Basic Theory LIANG Li-na1， ZHAN Li-bin2，3， HU Shou-yu2， SUI Hua1 (1. Dalian Medical University， Dalian 116044， China； 2. The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University， Dalian 116021， China； 3.Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine， Nanjing 210023， China)
Abstract： Objective To investigate the effects of the teaching model of team-based learning (TBL) in the course of TCM Basic Theory. Methods Totally 61 undergraduates of Class 1-2 in Grade 2013 in Dalian Medical University are divided into 15 groups， three to five students in each group. TBL teaching model was performed in the chapter about Zang-Fu relationship in the course of TCM Basic theory. At the end of the study， the students received the questionnaire survey to know the effects of TBL teaching model. Results Students discussed intensely with lively atmosphere in the class. The pass rate of individual test was 98.36%， and the excellence rate was 22.95%. The results of immediate feedback answer sheets showed that for the 6 multiple choice questions， each group answered at least 2 questions correctly for the first time， and 5 groups answered all the questions correctly for the first time with the joint efforts of group members. Conclusion TBL teaching model could promote the preview， activate atmosphere in class， improve learning efficiency， and increase the solidarity and collaboration in students.
Key words： team-based learning； TCM basic theory； teaching methods
中医基础理论是学习中医的入门课程，是中医药类、中西医结合类专业的专业基础必修课程。中医基础理论课程的教学难点主要是中医思维方法的特殊性。本校自2011年招收中西医临床医学本科生以来，受课生的生源以理科生为主，其知识结构“理”重于“文”，习惯于形式和数理逻辑思维方式，对中医理论的辩证思维感到困惑。因此，授课时如何充分调动学生积极性、能动性，是目前的教学重点。
基于团队学习(team-based learning，TBL)教学模式是以学生为主体的一种以团队为基础的学习模式。与以问题为基础的学习(problem-based learning，PBL)模式相比，TBL更为灵活，强调团队协作精神，注重提高学生自主分析和解决问题的能力。目前，我国TBL教学已被广泛应用[1-4]，在医药院校也取得成功[5-7]，但在中医学及中西医结合领域尚未开展。为此，笔者将TBL教学模式引进中医基础理论课程的脏腑关系章节中，初步取得较好的效果。现总结如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 教学对象, 百拇医药(梁丽娜 战丽彬 胡守玉 隋华)