仁爱共情在医师培养与患者沟通中的理论研究与实践(1)
摘 要：随着人们对身体健康状况日益重视，对医疗机构的期望与要求也不断提高，从原先只是治愈疾病的目的逐步上升到要享受医疗，认为其就是一种服务，将“顾客就是上帝”的理念用在医院上。虽然医疗机构承担着救死扶伤的职责，但目前还只是帮助患者选择合适的治疗方案，医生掌握着医学技术并辅助患者战胜病魔而非主角，医生永远只是次角，只能陪伴患者经历对抗疾病的过程，化解患者对医生的误解要靠相互理解，积极引入仁爱共情之术，让医者处于另一种角度思考问题，才能从根本上解决医患不谐，达到社会和谐的目的。
关键词：医患关系;共情;仁爱
中图分类号：R197.3 文献标识码：A DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2018.21.002
文章编号：1006-1959(2018)21-0003-03
, http://www.100md.com
The Theoretical Research and Practice of Benevolence and Eempathy in the Communication between Physicians Training and Patients
LIU Ying-hua，LIU Yu-ping，PENG Xiang，CHEN Liang-hua，YANG Wei-hong，XING Wen-jing
(Department of Clinical Psychology，the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University，Guangzhou 510120，Guangdong，China)
Abstract：As people pay increasingly attention to health condition， expectation and requirement for medical institutions also continue to improve， from just gradually increased to the purpose of healing to enjoy health， think it is a service， use the concept of "customer is god" in the hospital， although medical institutions bear the responsibility to heal the wounded and rescue the dying， but the play is to help the patient to choose the appropriate treatment， the doctor is in the hands of the medical technology and auxiliary beat the disease of patients rather than a leading role， only to be a secondary role， can only accompany patients experience against the disease process， dissolve the misunderstanding of the patient to the doctor want to rely on mutual understanding， actively introduce kindly parent of empathy， let the healer having another way of thinking， to fundamentally solve the doctor-patient dissonance， achieve the goal of social harmony.
, 百拇医药
Key words：Doctor-patient relationship;Benevolence;Empathy
当今社会的物质精神文明水平日益增长，人们主动维权的意识加强，稍有不慎就会引发医闹，医院不仅成为救治普通患者的场所，更成为重症患者的最后生存之地。和谐医患关系，缓解医疗纠纷成为社会各界积极探讨的问题之一。患者上门求医，不仅仅想治疗肉体上的痛苦，更想得到心灵上的帮助与抚恤，医生语言及肢体动作上交流是否到位，是否向患者解释清楚治疗方案及引发的后果等等一系列行为，都将影响着患者的病情发展，掌握好共情，就能掌握打开患者与医者之间那扇大门的钥匙[1，2]。世卫组织有一个《福冈宣言》：“所有医生必须学会交流和处理人际关系的技能。缺少共鸣(同情)应该看作与技术不够一样，是无能的表现。”仅仅靠科学意义上的对症下药，不足够帮助患者和病魔斗争。除了医学能力，医生还需要会倾听，理解并尊重患者的感受。清代喻嘉言《医门法律》中有一段话：“仁人君子，必笃于情，笃于情，则视人犹己，问其所苦，自无不到之处”[3，4]。所以培养医学生同情感、仁慈心是医德教育的核心，是醫学教育工作者不可忽视的努力方向，也是社会主义和谐社会不可缺少的一项工程。
1认识医患矛盾根源, 百拇医药(刘英华 刘宇平 彭 翔 陈梁华 杨伟红 幸雯靖)
关键词：医患关系;共情;仁爱
中图分类号：R197.3 文献标识码：A DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2018.21.002
文章编号：1006-1959(2018)21-0003-03
, http://www.100md.com
The Theoretical Research and Practice of Benevolence and Eempathy in the Communication between Physicians Training and Patients
LIU Ying-hua，LIU Yu-ping，PENG Xiang，CHEN Liang-hua，YANG Wei-hong，XING Wen-jing
(Department of Clinical Psychology，the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University，Guangzhou 510120，Guangdong，China)
Abstract：As people pay increasingly attention to health condition， expectation and requirement for medical institutions also continue to improve， from just gradually increased to the purpose of healing to enjoy health， think it is a service， use the concept of "customer is god" in the hospital， although medical institutions bear the responsibility to heal the wounded and rescue the dying， but the play is to help the patient to choose the appropriate treatment， the doctor is in the hands of the medical technology and auxiliary beat the disease of patients rather than a leading role， only to be a secondary role， can only accompany patients experience against the disease process， dissolve the misunderstanding of the patient to the doctor want to rely on mutual understanding， actively introduce kindly parent of empathy， let the healer having another way of thinking， to fundamentally solve the doctor-patient dissonance， achieve the goal of social harmony.
, 百拇医药
Key words：Doctor-patient relationship;Benevolence;Empathy
当今社会的物质精神文明水平日益增长，人们主动维权的意识加强，稍有不慎就会引发医闹，医院不仅成为救治普通患者的场所，更成为重症患者的最后生存之地。和谐医患关系，缓解医疗纠纷成为社会各界积极探讨的问题之一。患者上门求医，不仅仅想治疗肉体上的痛苦，更想得到心灵上的帮助与抚恤，医生语言及肢体动作上交流是否到位，是否向患者解释清楚治疗方案及引发的后果等等一系列行为，都将影响着患者的病情发展，掌握好共情，就能掌握打开患者与医者之间那扇大门的钥匙[1，2]。世卫组织有一个《福冈宣言》：“所有医生必须学会交流和处理人际关系的技能。缺少共鸣(同情)应该看作与技术不够一样，是无能的表现。”仅仅靠科学意义上的对症下药，不足够帮助患者和病魔斗争。除了医学能力，医生还需要会倾听，理解并尊重患者的感受。清代喻嘉言《医门法律》中有一段话：“仁人君子，必笃于情，笃于情，则视人犹己，问其所苦，自无不到之处”[3，4]。所以培养医学生同情感、仁慈心是医德教育的核心，是醫学教育工作者不可忽视的努力方向，也是社会主义和谐社会不可缺少的一项工程。
1认识医患矛盾根源, 百拇医药(刘英华 刘宇平 彭 翔 陈梁华 杨伟红 幸雯靖)