当前位置: 首页 > 新闻 > 信息荟萃
编号:12390794
论英国劳动党政府的可持续社区政策对有效公共健康的关系(3)
http://www.100md.com 2012年1月1日
     The second term needed to be analysed is ‘targeting’.Targeting geographic areas especially poor or excluded communities is a big goal of the Department of Community and Local Government.There are lots of programs within the agenda of sustainable community,for example,the support program in a special area ofBedford where the first generation of Pakistan lives (provided by the Minority and Ethnic Network Eastern Region).These programs have been mainly applied to disadvantaged communities under New Labour.Although targeting is well intentioned conducted by the government,yet there are lots of criticism about it.Smith,Lepine and Taylor think that targeting could make poor stay poor,otherwise there should be some more positive effects those programs has brought.The truth is the poor targeting areas are still poor and exclusive.Targeted policies are concerned with eliminating or narrowing down the gaps between the targeted community and the rest of the country (SEU,2001,p8),but Taylor(2003) thought that it could be building a trap rather than a rout out of disadvantage.Targeting could raise lots of problems,firstly it encourages the neighbourhoods to parade their disadvantage not their strengths and assets,secondly policies that focus on the community or neighbourhood also risk focusing on bonding at the expense of bridging and linking social capital,thirdly,it could also raise the question about how should government secure the equity of resource access.
, 百拇医药
    Community empowerment is about people and government working together to increase social cohesion and life qualities.David contended that the under assumption of it is government cannot solve everything,it needs local people to join and work together.New Labour started this ‘new localism’ project to introduce a big range of reforms into local government,especially concerned with improving the relationship between the citizen and local decision makers.They need those active people with specific skills and strong motives to speak out for their community,but these have separated the executive and scrutiny processes of local government and ‘streamlining’ executive decision making.Smith,Lepine and Taylor (2007) ask is this decision-making equitable,does it positively affect the democracy? As New Labour policy attends to give more access to resource and services to deprived communities than the rest of the country.Community empowerment always goes along with social capital,as it being conceived as a concept to understand how individuals and communities interact with each other.Putnam (1993) has claimed that a community with high social capital is more likely to have healthy democracy.While,Forrest and Kearns(2001) argue that while the components of social capital are important to the connection between residents,however,there is no sufficient evidence of how social capital functions through different types of community,or maybe it is insufficient itself (it may needs other factors like opportunities and resources to accompany).

    , 百拇医药(何龙韬)
上一页1 2 3 4 5下一页